{{howhard>1}}
====== Clear DNS ======
===== Operating Systems =====
==== Windows ====
=== XP, 2000, VISTA, 7, 8, 8.1, 10, 11 ===
Open a Command Prompt with Administrative Privileges and type
  * <sxh>ipconfig /flushdns</sxh>

==== MAC OS ====
=== 10.10 ===
Open a Terminal and type

  * <sxh>sudo discoveryutil mdnsflushcache</sxh>
  * <sxh>sudo dscacheutil -flushcache</sxh>

=== 10.7, 10.8, 10.9 ===
Open a Terminal and type
  * <sxh>sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder</sxh>
  * <sxh>sudo dscacheutil -flushcache</sxh>

=== 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6 ===
Open a Terminal and type
  * <sxh>sudo dscacheutil -flushcache</sxh>

==== Linux ====

=== systemd ===
Open a Terminal and type
* <sxh>resolvectl flush-caches</sxh>

=== nscd ===
Open a Terminal and type
  * Restart service <sxh>service nscd restart</sxh>
  * Reload Service <sxh>service nscd reload</sxh>

=== dnsmasq ===
Open a Terminal and type
  * Restart service <sxh> service dnsmasq restart</sxh>

=== BIND ===
Open a Terminal and type
  * Restart service <sxh>rndc restart</sxh>
  * Flash specific domain <sxh>rndc flushname domain.tld</sxh>
  * Flash view (LAN) <sxh>rndc flush lan</sxh>

===== Routers =====

==== CISCO ====
=== IOS ===
Switch to enable mode
  * Clear specific domain <sxh>clear host domain.tld</sxh>
  * Clear all domains <sxh>clear host *</sxh>

==== Juniper ====
=== JunOS ===
  * Clear all domains <sxh>clear dns</sxh>
  * Clear specific domain <sxh>clear security dns-cache domain.tld</sxh>

==== FritzBox ====
<WRAP center round info 60%>
The latest versions of the firmware do not allow for telnet, in those cases a router restart is required
</WRAP>

Enable Telnet mode by dialing: #96*7*
Connect with a telnet client to the router and type
  * Stop DNS Service <sxh>multid -s</sxh>
  * Start DNS Service <sxh>multid</sxh>

===== Other Hardware =====
==== Synology ====
=== DSM 6 ===
As a root user use the following to restart named.
<sxh>synoservice --restart pkgctl-DNSServer</sxh>

=== DSM 7 ===
As a root user use the following to restart named.
<sxh>systemctl restart pkgctl-DNSServer.service</sxh>

===== Web Browsers =====
==== Google Chrome ====
Visit the following URL
<sxh>chrome://net-internals/#dns</sxh>
In the page click on the Clear host cache button.

==== Microsoft Edge ====
Visit the following URL
<sxh>edge://net-internals/#dns</sxh>
In the page click on the Clear host cache button.